An art exhibition to commemorate the 170th Anniversary of the Tushan Bay Art Gallery was recently shown at the Xujiahui Academy not far from Tushan Bay Art Museum.
Shanghai library researcher Zhangwei, Shanghai Xuhui District Library, Tushan Bay Art Museum, and Xuhui District Art Museum jointly launched the exhibition at the beginning of 2023, according to the Shanghai Xuhui District Bureau of Culture and Tourism.
It was noted that the pioneering status of Tushan Bay in cultural exchanges between China and the West was demonstrated by a large number of images and documents, half of which were exhibited for the first time.
The exhibits painted by members of this art gallery included four watercolor portraits of Xu Guangqi (a Chinese scholar-official), Matteo Ricci (an Italian Jesuit priest), Johann Adam Schall von Bell (a German Jesuit and astronomer), and Ferdinand Verbiest (a Flemish missionary). These works had been exhibited at the Panama Pacific Exposition in San Francisco in 1915. The exhibition also showed masterworks from the founder of the museum, Joannes Ferrer (Spanish missionary and architect) and his student disciple Zhang Chongren, as well as a new work: "Records of Personages in the Tushan Bay Art Gallery".
Called "the cradle of Chinese Western painting" by famous painter Xu Beihong, the gallery has trained more than 300 students. Their works now appear throughout China and the world. Closely connected with Christianity from its beginnings in China, the gallery also celebrates the Christian faith. Here students were shaped and influenced, resulting in the creation of many religious works.
Founding an art gallery in Xuhui District in 1852, Joannes Ferrer was responsible for teaching sculpture and printmaking while working with Italian Father Nicolas Massa, who was the first foreigner to teach Shanghai students Western oil painting.
When Joannes Ferrer died of illness at the age of 39 in 1856, his student, Lu Bodu, together with Italian Father Nicolas Massa and the Frenchman Hermey, took over his work. In 1864, the Tushanwan Craft House for orphans was established, with Lu being invited to teach Western art to orphans.
In 1872, Lu and his favorite student, Liu Dezhai, moved the Xujiahui Art Gallery to the Tushanwan Orphanage, commonly known as Tushanwan Art Gallery. Due to Lu Budu's long-term illness, Liu, whose family had been Catholics for generations, joined the Society of Jesus in 1867 and became the gallery’s first director. The gallery was most prosperous from 1880 to 1912. It was then in the charge of Liu Dezhai, who died in July 1912.
In 1913, Xavier Coup, a French Jesuit, came to China to manage the painting gallery and printing library.
Yu Kai, a Chinese friar, was the last director of the gallery before it was merged into the Shanghai Wuhua Umbrella Factory in 1958. Although many works of teachers and students were destroyed during the Cultural Revolution, more and more people are beginning to study and discover the history of Tushan Bay. Exhibitions now express appreciation and commemorate the culture of Tushanwan.
Besides objects, pictures, and words used to tell the 170-year history of the art gallery, the "Architecture Appreciation Volunteer Alliance” and the art museum jointly provide professional explanations for visitors from Tuesday to Sunday. Having worked in Xujiahui Library to study the culture of Tushan Bay for nearly 40 years, Zhang Wei, who curated the exhibition and was a famous expert in modern literature and Shanghai School literature research, died of an illness on January 11, 2023.
- Translated by Abigail Wu
纪念土山湾画馆诞生170年艺术文献展在土山湾博物馆不远处的徐家汇书院展出。
据徐汇文旅微信公众号，2023年伊始，由上海市徐汇区图书馆、土山湾博物馆、徐汇区艺术馆联合上海图书馆研究员张伟老师共同推出这个展览
据介绍，本次展览通过大量珍贵的实物，展示土山湾在中西文化交流方面的先驱地位。展出的图像和文献，有一半以上是首次披露。
展品有画馆画师所绘徐光启、利玛窦、汤若望、南怀仁四幅水彩画像，这些作品曾参展1915年美国旧金山巴拿马太平洋博览会；有画馆创始人范廷佐、再传弟子张充仁等的代表作，还有新作《土山湾画馆人物志》。
土山湾画馆被著名画家徐悲鸿评价为“盖中国西洋画之摇篮也”，土山湾画馆在近百年的时间里，培养了三百余名学生。画馆的作品更是遍及中国和世界。
但是对于基督徒来说土山湾画馆的历史意义远不止于此。土山湾画馆自始至终都与基督教紧密连接。土山湾画馆既是西洋画之摇篮，也是基督信仰传承之地，在这里学习的学生们深受基督信仰的恩泽，也留下很多宗教作品。
1852年，西班牙传教士（耶稣会士）范廷佐在徐家汇老堂内创办美术学校，负责教授雕塑和版画。与他一起工作的还有意大利人马义谷神父。马义谷神父是在上海向中国学生教授西方油画的第一位外国人。
遗憾的是，1856年，范廷佐因病去世，年仅39岁。他培养的弟子陆伯都（中国人）和马义谷神父、法国人艾尔梅一起接续了老师范廷佐的工作。1864年，土山湾孤儿工艺院成立，陆都伯受邀向孤儿们传授西洋美术。
1872年，陆伯都和得意门生刘德斋将徐家汇美术学校搬到土山湾工艺院，俗称土山湾画馆。因陆伯都身体长期患病，刘德斋成为画馆的第一任主持。刘家世代为天主教徒，1867年，刘德斋加入耶稣会，刘德斋从1880-1912年执掌画馆期间，是土山湾画馆发展最辉煌的时期。1912年7月刘德斋修士去世。
1913年，法国耶稣会士潘国磐来华负责管理画馆和印书馆，
画馆最后一任主任是中国籍修士余凯。1958年，画馆正式并入上海五华伞厂。
土山湾画馆虽然很多师生的作品也毁于文革，但幸运的是越来越多的人开始研究和挖掘土山湾历史，让今天的我们可以通过展览来领略和纪念土山湾文化。
此外，《传承与影响——纪念土山湾画馆诞生170年艺术文献展》展方除了用实物、图片和文字向参观者诉说着土山湾画馆170年的历史，土山湾博物馆联合徐汇“建筑可阅读”志愿者联盟还将为参观者提供专业的讲解。公益导览时间为每周二至周日。
张伟老师：上海图书馆研究员，著名近代文献、海派文献研究专家。早年在徐家汇藏书楼工作，研究土山湾文化近40年。本次展览由张伟老师策划，但2023年1月11日凌晨张伟老师因病去世，年仅67岁。
纪念土山湾画馆诞生170年艺术文献展已在徐家汇书院展出
An art exhibition to commemorate the 170th Anniversary of the Tushan Bay Art Gallery was recently shown at the Xujiahui Academy not far from Tushan Bay Art Museum.
Shanghai library researcher Zhangwei, Shanghai Xuhui District Library, Tushan Bay Art Museum, and Xuhui District Art Museum jointly launched the exhibition at the beginning of 2023, according to the Shanghai Xuhui District Bureau of Culture and Tourism.
It was noted that the pioneering status of Tushan Bay in cultural exchanges between China and the West was demonstrated by a large number of images and documents, half of which were exhibited for the first time.
The exhibits painted by members of this art gallery included four watercolor portraits of Xu Guangqi (a Chinese scholar-official), Matteo Ricci (an Italian Jesuit priest), Johann Adam Schall von Bell (a German Jesuit and astronomer), and Ferdinand Verbiest (a Flemish missionary). These works had been exhibited at the Panama Pacific Exposition in San Francisco in 1915. The exhibition also showed masterworks from the founder of the museum, Joannes Ferrer (Spanish missionary and architect) and his student disciple Zhang Chongren, as well as a new work: "Records of Personages in the Tushan Bay Art Gallery".
Called "the cradle of Chinese Western painting" by famous painter Xu Beihong, the gallery has trained more than 300 students. Their works now appear throughout China and the world. Closely connected with Christianity from its beginnings in China, the gallery also celebrates the Christian faith. Here students were shaped and influenced, resulting in the creation of many religious works.
Founding an art gallery in Xuhui District in 1852, Joannes Ferrer was responsible for teaching sculpture and printmaking while working with Italian Father Nicolas Massa, who was the first foreigner to teach Shanghai students Western oil painting.
When Joannes Ferrer died of illness at the age of 39 in 1856, his student, Lu Bodu, together with Italian Father Nicolas Massa and the Frenchman Hermey, took over his work. In 1864, the Tushanwan Craft House for orphans was established, with Lu being invited to teach Western art to orphans.
In 1872, Lu and his favorite student, Liu Dezhai, moved the Xujiahui Art Gallery to the Tushanwan Orphanage, commonly known as Tushanwan Art Gallery. Due to Lu Budu's long-term illness, Liu, whose family had been Catholics for generations, joined the Society of Jesus in 1867 and became the gallery’s first director. The gallery was most prosperous from 1880 to 1912. It was then in the charge of Liu Dezhai, who died in July 1912.
In 1913, Xavier Coup, a French Jesuit, came to China to manage the painting gallery and printing library.
Yu Kai, a Chinese friar, was the last director of the gallery before it was merged into the Shanghai Wuhua Umbrella Factory in 1958. Although many works of teachers and students were destroyed during the Cultural Revolution, more and more people are beginning to study and discover the history of Tushan Bay. Exhibitions now express appreciation and commemorate the culture of Tushanwan.
Besides objects, pictures, and words used to tell the 170-year history of the art gallery, the "Architecture Appreciation Volunteer Alliance” and the art museum jointly provide professional explanations for visitors from Tuesday to Sunday. Having worked in Xujiahui Library to study the culture of Tushan Bay for nearly 40 years, Zhang Wei, who curated the exhibition and was a famous expert in modern literature and Shanghai School literature research, died of an illness on January 11, 2023.
- Translated by Abigail Wu
Shanghai Art Exhibition Celebrates the 170th Anniversary of Tushan Bay Art Gallery
